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My gss icon b1fb03d16023ac2c38a52bcfe174a349eb92f3da1e75465f6081aee34e8d562c MY GSS
Trends
Religion & Spirituality
Variable Cart (3)
Years selected: all years
ballot Ballot used for interview
id Respondent id number
year Gss year for this respondent
Back arrow 339dc3d414a97d30ce7ae434f7b93b19671e5abdf0531ad36e58c80be64fa88c Back
Trends
Gender & Marriage Current Affairs Civil Liberties Politics Quality of Working Life Religion & Spirituality

Right and wrong are not black and white (agree/disagree)

Religion & Spirituality

Beliefs
  • Feelings about the bible
  • Right and wrong are not black and white (agree/disagree)
  • Respondents confidence in existence of God
  • Life meaningful because God exists (agree/disagree)
  • Morality is a personal matter (agree/disagree)
  • Pope is infallible on matters of faith or morals (true/false)
  • Belief in life after death
  • Approve of bible prayer in public schools
  • Sinners should be punished (agree/disagree)
  • How religious is respondent
  • Immoral person can corrupt society (agree/disagree)
  • How spiritual is respondent
Religious Affiliation & Behaviors
  • How often respondent attends religious services
  • How fundamentalist is respondent currently
  • Fundamentalism/liberalism of religion respondent raised in
  • How often does respondent pray*
  • Religious preference*
  • Religion in which raised*
  • Strength of religious affiliation
  • Respondent tries to carry religious beliefs into life (agree/disagree)
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TABLE

About this trend

GSS VARIABLES
Variable
Question Text
blkwhite
R agrees right & wrong not black & white

Please consider the following statements and tell me whether you agree strongly, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat or disagree strongly with each statement. B. Right and wrong are not usually a simple matter of black and white; there are many shades of gray.

year
Gss year for this respondent

N/A

   
age
Age of respondent

RESPONDENT'S AGE

class
Subjective class identification

A. If you were asked to use one of four names for your social class, which would you say you belong in: the lower class, the working class, the middle class, or the upper class?

degree
Rs highest degree

RESPONDENT'S DEGREE

health
Condition of health

Would you say your own health, in general, is excellent, good, fair, or poor?

hispanic
Hispanic specified

IF R IS FEMALE, READ LATINA; IF MALE, READ LATINO. Are you Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino/Latina? Yes . . . . . (ASK A) No . . . . . . (GO TO NEXT QUESTION) IF YES: Which group are you from? Mexican, Mexican American, Chicano/Chicana Puerto Rican Cuban Other

marital
Marital status

Are you currently--married, widowed, divorced, separated, or have you never been married?

partyid
Political party affiliation

Generally speaking, do you usually think of yourself as a Republican, Democrat, Independent, or what?

race
Race of respondent

CODE WITHOUT ASKING ONLY IF THERE IS NO DOUBT IN YOUR MIND. What race do you consider yourself? RECORD VERBATIM AND CODE.

region
Region of interview

A. REGION OF INTERVIEW

sex
Respondents sex

CODE RESPONDENT'S SEX

uscitzn
Is r us citizen

Now we would like to ask you about U.S. citizenship. Are you…

fucitzn
Is r planning/appling for us citizenship or not

Are you…

wrkstat
Labor force status

Last week were you working full time, part time, going to school, keeping house, or what?

NOTES

1 The default weight WTSSALL was applied for all years. Oversampled black respondents (SAMPLE=4,5,7) were excluded to adjust for the oversampling procedures in 1982 and 1987. If performing in-depth or focused analyses, other weights may apply.

2 Beginning in 2004, the GSS began to use a two-stage sub-sampling design for nonresponse. To obtain weighted estimates adjusted for this non-response, users should use the WTSSNR weight in these years.

NOTES for Age°

1 The GSS variable AGE was recoded to produce this visualization. Age was recoded into four age categories: 18-34, 35-49, 50-64, and 65+.

NOTES for Subjective class identification

1 The response "No class (vol.)" was excluded from this breakdown.

NOTES for Highest degree°

1 The GSS variable DEGREE was recoded to produce this visualization. Response categories (2) Associate/Junior college, (3) Bachelor’s, and (4) Graduate have been collapsed into "College +."

NOTES for Hispanic specified°

1 The GSS variable HISPANIC was recoded to produce this visualization. HISPANIC was recoded into two categories: (1) Not Hispanic/Latino/a, Spanish origin; and (2)-(47), (50) Hispanic, Latino/a, Spanish origin.

2 Race and Hispanic origin are reported as separate classifications in alignment with the OMB and Census definition: "Hispanic or Latino" refers to a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central America, or other Spanish culture or origin regardless of race. A cross-classification (Race + Hispanic Origin) may be available as a breakdown category in a future release of this feature.

NOTES for Political affiliation°

1 The GSS variable PARTYID was recoded to produce this visualization. PARTYID was recoded into four categories: (0)-(1) Democrat; (2)-(4),(7) Independent, Other; and (5)-(6) Republican. See GSS Methodological Report No. 56 for more information.

NOTES for Race

1 If planning to perform trend analysis with the variable RACE, see GSS Methodological Report No. 56.

2 Interviewers were instructed to code RACE without asking only if there was no doubt. From 2002 onwards, this item is imputed based on RACECEN1,23; ETHNIC, ETH1,2,3; and HISPANIC. See the GSS Cumulative Codebook for more information.

NOTES for Region of interview°

1 The GSS variable REGION was recoded to produce this visualization. REGION was recoded into four categories: (1)-(2) Northeast; (3)-(4) Midwest; (5)-(7) South; (8)-(9) West. These are in alignment with the Census regional groupings.

NOTES for Sex

1 If planning to perform trend analysis with the variable SEX, see GSS Methodological Report No. 56.

NOTES for Citizenship status°

1 The GSS variables USCITZN and FUCITZN were combined and recoded to produce this visualization. If USCITZN=1,3, or 4, this was coded as "US citizen." If USCITZN=2 and FUCITZN=1 or 2 then this was coded as "Planning/Applying for citizenship." If USCITZN=2 and FUCITZN=3 or 4, then this was coded as "Not planning to apply/Not eligible." Note that US Citizen includes citizens born in Puerto Rico, US Virgin Islands, Northern Mariana Islands, and children born outside of US to parents who were US citizens at time.

NOTES for Labor force status°

1 The GSS variable WRKSTAT was recoded to produce this visualization. WRKSTAT was recoded into three categories: (1)-(3) Employed, (4) Unemployed, and (5)-(8) Not in labor force/Other. This is in alignment with the Bureau of Labor Statistic's labor force definitions.

2 If planning to perform trend analysis with the variable WRKSTAT, see GSS Methodological Report No. 56.

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